See ciao on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ciao bella"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlewH-"
],
[
"*-ǫta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ǫta"
],
[
"*Slov-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Slovǫta"
],
[
"*-ēnas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ēnas#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_noun-forming_suffix"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-iHnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHnos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives_of_materials"
],
[
"*-inъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-inъ#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ěninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěninъ"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλᾰ́βος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"s-ciao, sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciao",
"s-ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciavo",
"s-ciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"schiavo",
"schiavo#Italian"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
],
[
"S-ciavón",
"S-ciavón#Venetan"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Not related to",
"false cognate"
],
[
"chào",
"chào#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vec",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant"
},
"expansion": "Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "s-ciao"
},
"expansion": "Venetan s-ciao",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "Slav, slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "schiavo"
},
"expansion": "Italian schiavo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "English Slav",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "slave",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec-old",
"2": "S-ciavón",
"t": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Sclavus"
},
"expansion": "Latin Sclavus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*slověninъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *slověninъ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "chào",
"3": "",
"4": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav",
"3": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Slav and slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”), from Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”), from Venetan s-ciao / s-ciavo (“servant, slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”), related also to Italian schiavo, English Slav, slave and Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”), from Latin Sclavus, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ. Not related to Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”). Doublet of Slav and slave.",
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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],
"glosses": [
"Hello, hi."
],
"id": "en-ciao-en-intj-~Mmxhn5n",
"links": [
[
"Hello",
"hello#English"
],
[
"hi",
"hi"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good morning"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good evening"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good morrow"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "greetings"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"neologism",
"rare"
],
"word": "heaveno"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "hello"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hello there"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "heyday"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hi"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hi there"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hiya"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hey hey"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "heyo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "ho there"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "how"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "how are you"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "salaam"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "salaam alaikum"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "salutations"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "shalom"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "shalom aleichem"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "sup"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "wassup"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "well met"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "what's doing"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "what's going on"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "what's new"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "what's up"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "yello"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "yo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"informal"
],
"word": "g'day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"informal"
],
"word": "hey"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"informal"
],
"word": "howdy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"informal"
],
"word": "cheerio"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"informal"
],
"word": "how's it going"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"archaic"
],
"word": "top of the morning"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"India"
],
"word": "namaste"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "wagwan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Sri-Lanka"
],
"word": "ayubowan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Russia"
],
"word": "privet"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"South-Africa",
"informal"
],
"word": "howzit"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "alright"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "alright me babber"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "alright me lover"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "ay up me duck"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "ey up"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "hallo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"dated"
],
"word": "hullo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "wotcher"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "aloha"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "ayo"
}
]
},
{
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"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 44 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 44 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 44 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 50 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 44 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 50 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 44 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bye, goodbye."
],
"id": "en-ciao-en-intj-6EymNHke",
"links": [
[
"Bye",
"bye#English"
],
[
"goodbye",
"goodbye"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "adieu"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "adios"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Hawaii"
],
"word": "aloha"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "arrivederci"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "auf Wiedersehen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "au revoir"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "badbye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Internet"
],
"word": "BCNU"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "bye-bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "catch you later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "cheerio"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal",
"mainly"
],
"word": "cheers"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "cheery-bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand",
"informal"
],
"word": "chur"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "farewell"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "good day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "Godspeed"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "hasta la vista"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "baby"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "have a nice day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"colloquial"
],
"word": "hooroo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "I have to love you and leave you"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "keep it real"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "late"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "laters"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "peace out"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "sayonara"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "see ya"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "see you"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Scottish",
"UK"
],
"word": "see you after"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "see you in the funny papers"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "see you later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "see you later alligator"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "shalom"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "smell ya later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "smell you later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "so long"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "take care"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "ta-ta"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "tatty bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"dated"
],
"word": "tinkety-tonk"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "toodle-oo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"dated",
"informal"
],
"word": "toodle-pip"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "toodles"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "TTFN"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "ttyl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "tšāw",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "تْشَاو"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "čáo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ча́о"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ciallo"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ĉaŭ"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tšau"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tsau"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tsauka"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tsauki"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tchao"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chau"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "čao",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ჩაო"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tschau"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "tshau",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "צַ׳אוּ"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "csaó"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "chao",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "チャオ"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tchau"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "čáo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ча́о"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ћао"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "ćao"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "chao"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "čáo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ча́о"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃaʊ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ciao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "chow"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlewH-"
],
[
"*-ǫta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ǫta"
],
[
"*Slov-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Slovǫta"
],
[
"*-ēnas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ēnas#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_noun-forming_suffix"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-iHnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHnos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives_of_materials"
],
[
"*-inъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-inъ#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ěninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěninъ"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλᾰ́βος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"s-ciao, sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciao",
"s-ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciavo",
"s-ciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"schiavo",
"schiavo#Italian"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
],
[
"S-ciavón",
"S-ciavón#Venetan"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Not related to",
"false cognate"
],
[
"chào",
"chào#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vec",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant"
},
"expansion": "Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "s-ciao"
},
"expansion": "Venetan s-ciao",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "Slav, slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "schiavo"
},
"expansion": "Italian schiavo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "English Slav",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "slave",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec-old",
"2": "S-ciavón",
"t": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Sclavus"
},
"expansion": "Latin Sclavus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*slověninъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *slověninъ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "chào",
"3": "",
"4": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav",
"3": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Slav and slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”), from Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”), from Venetan s-ciao / s-ciavo (“servant, slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”), related also to Italian schiavo, English Slav, slave and Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”), from Latin Sclavus, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ. Not related to Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”). Doublet of Slav and slave.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciaos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ciao (plural ciaos)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
56
]
],
"ref": "2010, Robert V. Camuto, Palmento: A Sicilian Wine Odyssey, page 16:",
"text": "[…] he excused himself, disappearing in a cloud of ciaos and operatic Italian.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
19
]
],
"ref": "2007, Darwin Porter, Danforth Prince, Bahamas For Dummies, page 196:",
"text": "You hear more ciaos than hellos. Guests play bocce ball on the beach and dine on Italian and some Bahamian cuisine. Because of its strong Continental overlay, the cuisine is better here than at your typical Grand Bahama hotel.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A greeting or farewell using the word \"ciao\"."
],
"id": "en-ciao-en-noun-zwfb8EzP"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃaʊ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ciao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "chow"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Bavarian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"bar\" }\" data-lang=\"bar\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "ciao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian greetings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sappada Bavarian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hello, hi, ciao"
],
"id": "en-ciao-bar-intj-teON31hF",
"links": [
[
"hello",
"hello"
],
[
"hi",
"hi"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Sappada) hello, hi, ciao"
],
"tags": [
"Sappada"
]
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciao",
"s-ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciavo",
"s-ciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"schiavo",
"schiavo#Italian"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
],
[
"S-ciavón",
"S-ciavón#Venetan"
],
[
"Sclavonia",
"Sclavonia#Latin"
]
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vec",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye; your (humble) servant"
},
"expansion": "Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye; your (humble) servant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vec",
"3": "s-ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "servant, slave"
},
"expansion": "Venetan s-ciao (“servant, slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "Slav, slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "schiavo"
},
"expansion": "Italian schiavo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "English Slav",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec-old",
"2": "S-ciavón",
"3": "",
"4": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "Sclavonia",
"4": "",
"5": "Slavonia"
},
"expansion": "Latin Sclavonia (“Slavonia”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”), from Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye; your (humble) servant”), from Venetan s-ciao (“servant, slave”) or s-ciavo (“servant, slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”), related also to Italian schiavo, English Slav, slave and Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”), from Latin Sclavonia (“Slavonia”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tchao",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French farewells",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ciao"
],
"id": "en-ciao-fr-intj-sTOgwOm-",
"links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "adieu"
},
{
"word": "au revoir"
},
{
"word": "salut"
},
{
"word": "tschüs"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʃa.o/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʃaw/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-ciao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-ciao.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-ciao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-ciao.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-ciao.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"Vosges"
]
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
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[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"Sklave",
"Sklave#German"
],
[
"Slawe",
"Slawe#German"
]
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" }\" data-lang=\"de\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "vec",
"3": "ciao"
},
"expansion": "Venetan ciao",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "sclavus"
},
"expansion": "Latin sclavus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Sklave",
"3": "Slawe"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Sklave and Slawe",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian ciao from Venetan ciao, ultimately from Latin sclavus. Doublet of Sklave and Slawe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tschau",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "ciao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ciao"
],
"id": "en-ciao-de-intj-sTOgwOm-",
"links": [
[
"ciao",
"#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃaʊ̯]"
},
{
"audio": "De-ciao.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/De-ciao.ogg/De-ciao.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/De-ciao.ogg",
"tags": [
"Germany",
"Berlin"
]
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Interlingua\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ia\" }\" data-lang=\"ia\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"t": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "ciao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Interlingua entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Interlingua entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Interlingua farewells",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Interlingua greetings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ciao"
],
"id": "en-ciao-ia-intj-sTOgwOm-",
"links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "adeo"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃao/"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ciao ciao"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tšāw",
"word": "تْشَاو"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tschau"
},
{
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "čáo",
"word": "ча́о"
},
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciallo"
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "čau"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tjo"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ĉaŭ"
},
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tsau"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tsau"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tsaukki"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tchao"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chau"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "čao",
"word": "ჩაო"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tschau"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "צַ׳אוּ"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "csaó"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "csá"
},
{
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chao"
},
{
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "chao",
"word": "チャオ"
},
{
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "čau"
},
{
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "čiau"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "čao",
"word": "чао"
},
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ċaw"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tchau"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "čáo",
"word": "ча́о"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ćao"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ћао"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "čau"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "čáo"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chao"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chau"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "çav"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "čáo",
"word": "ча́о"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlewH-"
],
[
"*-ǫta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ǫta"
],
[
"*Slov-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Slovǫta"
],
[
"*-ēnas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ēnas#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_noun-forming_suffix"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-iHnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHnos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives_of_materials"
],
[
"*-inъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-inъ#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ěninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěninъ"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλᾰ́βος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"s-ciao, sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciao",
"s-ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"slave",
"slave"
],
[
"schiavo",
"schiavo#Italian"
],
[
"Venetan",
"Venetan"
],
[
"servus",
"servus#German"
],
[
"tjena",
"tjena#Swedish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "vec:sciavo<alt:s-ciao, sciavo><ety:inh<la-med:sclavus>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciao\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" }\" data-lang=\"it\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "vec",
"3": "s-ciao"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Venetan s-ciao",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "vec:sciavo<alt:s-ciao, sciavo><ety:inh<la-med:sclavus>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciao",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciao\nBorrowed from Venetan s-ciao, sciavo (“slave”) (in particular the expression s-ciao vostro (literally “(I am) your slave”), in essence meaning \"I am at your service\", or \"your humble servant\"), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”) (whence also standard Italian schiavo); in the Venetan language originally pronounced /stʃaʊ/. Development and use is similar to the Southern German and Central European greeting of servus and Swedish tjena.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "ciao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cià‧o"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"cià‧o"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian farewells",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "92 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian greetings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian phrasebook",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hello!"
],
"id": "en-ciao-it-intj-zgYJL7lI",
"links": [
[
"hello",
"hello"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "formal",
"word": "salve"
},
{
"word": "buongiorno"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian farewells",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian phrasebook",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This is the flower of the partisan,\nOh beautiful, goodbye! Beautiful, goodbye! Beautiful, goodbye, goodbye, goodbye!\nThis is the flower of the partisan,\nWho died for freedom!",
"ref": "Early 1940s, written by an unknown Italian partisan, Bella Ciao (Goodbye, beautiful!)",
"roman": "morto per la libertà!",
"text": "È questo il fiore del partigiano,\no bella, ciao! bella, ciao! bella, ciao, ciao, ciao!\nÈ questo il fiore del partigiano,",
"translation": "This is the flower of the partisan,\nOh beautiful, goodbye! Beautiful, goodbye! Beautiful, goodbye, goodbye, goodbye!\nThis is the flower of the partisan,\nWho died for freedom!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"goodbye!"
],
"id": "en-ciao-it-intj-W1MfBw9Z",
"links": [
[
"goodbye",
"goodbye"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "formal",
"word": "arrivederla"
},
{
"word": "arrivederci"
},
{
"alt": "colloquial",
"word": "ci vediamo"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃa.o/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ao"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"s-ciao",
"s-ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"Σκλάβος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Servus",
"Servus#German"
],
[
"tjena",
"tjena#Swedish"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"slaver",
"slaver#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"t": "hello; goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from Italian ciao (“hello; goodbye”)",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "vec",
"3": "s-ciao",
"t": "servant, slave"
},
"expansion": "Venetan s-ciao (“servant, slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"t": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "Sclavus",
"t": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "grc",
"3": "Σκλάβος",
"t": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos, “Slav”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*slověninъ",
"t": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *slověninъ (“Slav”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Servus",
"t": "hello; goodbye"
},
"expansion": "German Servus (“hello; goodbye”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "tjena",
"t": "hello"
},
"expansion": "Swedish tjena (“hello”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "slave",
"3": "slaver",
"t1": "slave",
"t2": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of slave (“slave”) and slaver (“Slav”)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from Italian ciao (“hello; goodbye”), from Venetan s-ciao (“servant, slave”) or sciavo (“servant, slave”), especially in the expression s-ciao vostro, literally “your slave”, used in the sense “at your service; your humble servant”. The Venetan word is from Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”), from Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”), from Ancient Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos, “Slav”), from earlier Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós, “Slav”), ultimately from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ (“Slav”). The deeper origin of the Proto-Slavic ethnonym is uncertain.\nThe development from “your servant/slave” to a greeting is comparable to German Servus (“hello; goodbye”) and Swedish tjena (“hello”). Doublet of slave (“slave”) and slaver (“Slav”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "ciao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ciao"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 37 2 2 0 13 14 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hi! Nice to see you again.",
"text": "Ciao! Hyggelig å se deg igjen.",
"translation": "Hi! Nice to see you again.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "when Olsen came, they usually said: Ciao",
"ref": "2002, Heidi Marie Kriznik, Applaus:",
"text": "når Olsen kom sa de som regel: Ciao",
"translation": "when Olsen came, they usually said: Ciao",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hello, hi; used as a greeting when meeting someone"
],
"id": "en-ciao-nb-intj-M6pvedW7",
"links": [
[
"hello",
"hello"
],
[
"hi",
"hi"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) hello, hi; used as a greeting when meeting someone"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hei"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 37 2 2 0 13 14 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then I'll see you tomorrow. Bye!",
"text": "Da sees vi i morgen. Ciao!",
"translation": "Then I'll see you tomorrow. Bye!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "… Never mind. I'll sort it out myself. Bye.",
"ref": "1993, Ingvar Ambjørnsen, Utsikt til paradiset, page 42:",
"text": "… Gjør ikke noe. Jeg fikser det selv. Ciao",
"translation": "… Never mind. I'll sort it out myself. Bye.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bye, goodbye; used as a farewell"
],
"id": "en-ciao-nb-intj-AQOvcRTB",
"links": [
[
"bye",
"bye"
],
[
"goodbye",
"goodbye"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) bye, goodbye; used as a farewell"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "morna"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʃao/"
},
{
"ipa": "[tʃao]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ao"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ciao"
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"Σκλάβος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Slavs",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"slavar",
"slavar#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"servus",
"servus#German"
],
[
"tjena",
"tjena#Swedish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"nn\" }\" data-lang=\"nn\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao"
},
"expansion": "Italian ciao",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "vec",
"3": "sciavo",
"4": "",
"5": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Venetan sciavo (“slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "Sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "gkm",
"3": "Σκλάβος"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*slověninъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *slověninъ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "tjena"
},
"expansion": "Swedish tjena",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Italian ciao, from Venetan sciavo (“slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”). This in turn is from Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”), from Medieval Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos), from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ, as Slavs were often forced into slavery in the Middle Ages. Doublet of slave and slavar.\nDevelopment and use is similar to the Southern German and Central European greeting of servus and Swedish tjena.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "ciao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk farewells",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ciao"
],
"id": "en-ciao-nn-intj-sTOgwOm-",
"links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "adjø"
},
{
"word": "farvel"
}
]
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian farewells",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlewH-"
],
[
"*-ǫta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ǫta"
],
[
"*Slov-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Slovǫta"
],
[
"*-ēnas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ēnas#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_noun-forming_suffix"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-iHnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHnos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives_of_materials"
],
[
"*-inъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-inъ#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ěninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěninъ"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλᾰ́βος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"s-ciao, sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nRomanian ciao\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"ciao\">\nBorrowed from Italian ciao.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nRomanian ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nRomanian ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciao!",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "interjection",
"head": "ciao!"
},
"expansion": "ciao!",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian greetings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hello!"
],
"id": "en-ciao-ro-intj-M00Bb3Vc",
"links": [
[
"Hello",
"hello"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Goodbye!"
],
"id": "en-ciao-ro-intj-HLeyIbet",
"links": [
[
"Goodbye",
"goodbye"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃau/"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "ciao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chao"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative spelling of chao"
],
"id": "en-ciao-es-intj-vCmidPax",
"links": [
[
"chao",
"chao#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Bavarian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"bar\" }\" data-lang=\"bar\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "ciao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bavarian entries with etymon",
"Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bavarian greetings",
"Bavarian interjections",
"Bavarian lemmas",
"Bavarian terms borrowed from Italian",
"Bavarian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Bavarian terms derived from Italian",
"Bavarian terms derived from Late Latin",
"Bavarian terms derived from Medieval Greek",
"Bavarian terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Bavarian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Bavarian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Bavarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Bavarian terms derived from Venetan",
"Bavarian terms derived from substrate languages",
"Bavarian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlewH-",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Sappada Bavarian"
],
"glosses": [
"hello, hi, ciao"
],
"links": [
[
"hello",
"hello"
],
[
"hi",
"hi"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Sappada) hello, hi, ciao"
],
"tags": [
"Sappada"
]
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"categories": [
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English farewells",
"English greetings",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Italian",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Greek",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"English terms derived from Venetan",
"English terms derived from substrate languages",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlewH-",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ciao bella"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlewH-"
],
[
"*-ǫta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ǫta"
],
[
"*Slov-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Slovǫta"
],
[
"*-ēnas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ēnas#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_noun-forming_suffix"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-iHnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHnos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives_of_materials"
],
[
"*-inъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-inъ#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ěninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěninъ"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλᾰ́βος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"s-ciao, sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciao",
"s-ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciavo",
"s-ciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"schiavo",
"schiavo#Italian"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
],
[
"S-ciavón",
"S-ciavón#Venetan"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Not related to",
"false cognate"
],
[
"chào",
"chào#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vec",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant"
},
"expansion": "Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "s-ciao"
},
"expansion": "Venetan s-ciao",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "Slav, slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "schiavo"
},
"expansion": "Italian schiavo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "English Slav",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "slave",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec-old",
"2": "S-ciavón",
"t": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Sclavus"
},
"expansion": "Latin Sclavus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*slověninъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *slověninъ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "chào",
"3": "",
"4": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav",
"3": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Slav and slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”), from Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”), from Venetan s-ciao / s-ciavo (“servant, slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”), related also to Italian schiavo, English Slav, slave and Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”), from Latin Sclavus, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ. Not related to Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”). Doublet of Slav and slave.",
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Hello, hi."
],
"links": [
[
"Hello",
"hello#English"
],
[
"hi",
"hi"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good morning"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good evening"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good morrow"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "greetings"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"neologism",
"rare"
],
"word": "heaveno"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "hello"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hello there"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "heyday"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hi"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hi there"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hiya"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hey hey"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "heyo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "ho there"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "how"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "how are you"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "salaam"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "salaam alaikum"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "salutations"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "shalom"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "shalom aleichem"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "sup"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "wassup"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "well met"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "what's doing"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "what's going on"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "what's new"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "what's up"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "yello"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "yo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"informal"
],
"word": "g'day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"informal"
],
"word": "hey"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"informal"
],
"word": "howdy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"informal"
],
"word": "cheerio"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"informal"
],
"word": "how's it going"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"archaic"
],
"word": "top of the morning"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"India"
],
"word": "namaste"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "wagwan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Sri-Lanka"
],
"word": "ayubowan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Russia"
],
"word": "privet"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"South-Africa",
"informal"
],
"word": "howzit"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "alright"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "alright me babber"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "alright me lover"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "ay up me duck"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "ey up"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "hallo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"dated"
],
"word": "hullo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "wotcher"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "aloha"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "ayo"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Bye, goodbye."
],
"links": [
[
"Bye",
"bye#English"
],
[
"goodbye",
"goodbye"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "adieu"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "adios"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Hawaii"
],
"word": "aloha"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "arrivederci"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "auf Wiedersehen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "au revoir"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "badbye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Internet"
],
"word": "BCNU"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "bye-bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "catch you later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "cheerio"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal",
"mainly"
],
"word": "cheers"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "cheery-bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand",
"informal"
],
"word": "chur"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "farewell"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "good day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "Godspeed"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "hasta la vista"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "baby"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "have a nice day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"colloquial"
],
"word": "hooroo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "I have to love you and leave you"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "keep it real"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "late"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "laters"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "peace out"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "sayonara"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "see ya"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "see you"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Scottish",
"UK"
],
"word": "see you after"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "see you in the funny papers"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "see you later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "see you later alligator"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "shalom"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "smell ya later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "smell you later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "so long"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "take care"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "ta-ta"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "tatty bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"dated"
],
"word": "tinkety-tonk"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "toodle-oo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"dated",
"informal"
],
"word": "toodle-pip"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "toodles"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "TTFN"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "ttyl"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃaʊ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ciao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "chow"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "tšāw",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "تْشَاو"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "čáo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ча́о"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ciallo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ĉaŭ"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tšau"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tsau"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tsauka"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tsauki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tchao"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chau"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "čao",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ჩაო"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tschau"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "tshau",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "צַ׳אוּ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "csaó"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "chao",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "チャオ"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tchau"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "čáo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ча́о"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ћао"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "ćao"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "chao"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "čáo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ча́о"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"categories": [
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English farewells",
"English greetings",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Italian",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Greek",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"English terms derived from Venetan",
"English terms derived from substrate languages",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlewH-",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlewH-"
],
[
"*-ǫta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ǫta"
],
[
"*Slov-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Slovǫta"
],
[
"*-ēnas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ēnas#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_noun-forming_suffix"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-iHnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHnos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives_of_materials"
],
[
"*-inъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-inъ#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ěninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěninъ"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλᾰ́βος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"s-ciao, sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciao",
"s-ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciavo",
"s-ciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"schiavo",
"schiavo#Italian"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
],
[
"S-ciavón",
"S-ciavón#Venetan"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Not related to",
"false cognate"
],
[
"chào",
"chào#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vec",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant"
},
"expansion": "Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "s-ciao"
},
"expansion": "Venetan s-ciao",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "Slav, slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "schiavo"
},
"expansion": "Italian schiavo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "English Slav",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "slave",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec-old",
"2": "S-ciavón",
"t": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Sclavus"
},
"expansion": "Latin Sclavus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*slověninъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *slověninъ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "chào",
"3": "",
"4": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav",
"3": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Slav and slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”), from Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”), from Venetan s-ciao / s-ciavo (“servant, slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”), related also to Italian schiavo, English Slav, slave and Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”), from Latin Sclavus, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ. Not related to Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”). Doublet of Slav and slave.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciaos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ciao (plural ciaos)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
56
]
],
"ref": "2010, Robert V. Camuto, Palmento: A Sicilian Wine Odyssey, page 16:",
"text": "[…] he excused himself, disappearing in a cloud of ciaos and operatic Italian.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
19
]
],
"ref": "2007, Darwin Porter, Danforth Prince, Bahamas For Dummies, page 196:",
"text": "You hear more ciaos than hellos. Guests play bocce ball on the beach and dine on Italian and some Bahamian cuisine. Because of its strong Continental overlay, the cuisine is better here than at your typical Grand Bahama hotel.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A greeting or farewell using the word \"ciao\"."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃaʊ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ciao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "chow"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciao",
"s-ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciavo",
"s-ciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"schiavo",
"schiavo#Italian"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
],
[
"S-ciavón",
"S-ciavón#Venetan"
],
[
"Sclavonia",
"Sclavonia#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vec",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye; your (humble) servant"
},
"expansion": "Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye; your (humble) servant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vec",
"3": "s-ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "servant, slave"
},
"expansion": "Venetan s-ciao (“servant, slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "Slav, slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "schiavo"
},
"expansion": "Italian schiavo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "English Slav",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec-old",
"2": "S-ciavón",
"3": "",
"4": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "Sclavonia",
"4": "",
"5": "Slavonia"
},
"expansion": "Latin Sclavonia (“Slavonia”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”), from Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye; your (humble) servant”), from Venetan s-ciao (“servant, slave”) or s-ciavo (“servant, slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”), related also to Italian schiavo, English Slav, slave and Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”), from Latin Sclavonia (“Slavonia”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tchao",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French 2-syllable words",
"French entries with etymon",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French farewells",
"French interjections",
"French lemmas",
"French terms borrowed from Italian",
"French terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"French terms derived from Italian",
"French terms derived from Late Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Medieval Greek",
"French terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"French terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"French terms derived from Venetan",
"French terms derived from substrate languages",
"French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlewH-",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"glosses": [
"ciao"
],
"links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "adieu"
},
{
"word": "au revoir"
},
{
"word": "salut"
},
{
"word": "tschüs"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʃa.o/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʃaw/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-ciao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-ciao.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-ciao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-ciao.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-ciao.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"Vosges"
]
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"Sklave",
"Sklave#German"
],
[
"Slawe",
"Slawe#German"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" }\" data-lang=\"de\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "vec",
"3": "ciao"
},
"expansion": "Venetan ciao",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "sclavus"
},
"expansion": "Latin sclavus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Sklave",
"3": "Slawe"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Sklave and Slawe",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian ciao from Venetan ciao, ultimately from Latin sclavus. Doublet of Sklave and Slawe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tschau",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "ciao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German doublets",
"German entries with etymon",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German interjections",
"German lemmas",
"German terms borrowed from Italian",
"German terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"German terms derived from Italian",
"German terms derived from Late Latin",
"German terms derived from Latin",
"German terms derived from Medieval Greek",
"German terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"German terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"German terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"German terms derived from Venetan",
"German terms derived from substrate languages",
"German terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlewH-",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"glosses": [
"ciao"
],
"links": [
[
"ciao",
"#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃaʊ̯]"
},
{
"audio": "De-ciao.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/De-ciao.ogg/De-ciao.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/De-ciao.ogg",
"tags": [
"Germany",
"Berlin"
]
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Interlingua\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ia\" }\" data-lang=\"ia\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"t": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "ciao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Interlingua entries with etymon",
"Interlingua entries with incorrect language header",
"Interlingua farewells",
"Interlingua greetings",
"Interlingua interjections",
"Interlingua lemmas",
"Interlingua terms borrowed from Italian",
"Interlingua terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Interlingua terms derived from Italian",
"Interlingua terms derived from Late Latin",
"Interlingua terms derived from Medieval Greek",
"Interlingua terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Interlingua terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Interlingua terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Interlingua terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Interlingua terms derived from Venetan",
"Interlingua terms derived from substrate languages",
"Interlingua terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlewH-",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"glosses": [
"ciao"
],
"links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃao/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "adeo"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 2-syllable words",
"Italian entries with etymology trees",
"Italian entries with etymon",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian farewells",
"Italian greetings",
"Italian interjections",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian phrasebook",
"Italian terms borrowed from Venetan",
"Italian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Italian terms derived from Late Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Medieval Greek",
"Italian terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Italian terms derived from Venetan",
"Italian terms derived from substrate languages",
"Italian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlewH-",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian terms with audio pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Rhymes:Italian/ao",
"Rhymes:Italian/ao/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ciao ciao"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tšāw",
"word": "تْشَاو"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tschau"
},
{
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "čáo",
"word": "ча́о"
},
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciallo"
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "čau"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tjo"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ĉaŭ"
},
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tsau"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tsau"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tsaukki"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tchao"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chau"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "čao",
"word": "ჩაო"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tschau"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "צַ׳אוּ"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "csaó"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "csá"
},
{
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chao"
},
{
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "chao",
"word": "チャオ"
},
{
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "čau"
},
{
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "čiau"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "čao",
"word": "чао"
},
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ċaw"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tchau"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "čáo",
"word": "ча́о"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ćao"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ћао"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "čau"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "čáo"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chao"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chau"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "çav"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "čáo",
"word": "ча́о"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlewH-"
],
[
"*-ǫta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ǫta"
],
[
"*Slov-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Slovǫta"
],
[
"*-ēnas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ēnas#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_noun-forming_suffix"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-iHnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHnos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives_of_materials"
],
[
"*-inъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-inъ#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ěninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěninъ"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλᾰ́βος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"s-ciao, sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciao",
"s-ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"slave",
"slave"
],
[
"schiavo",
"schiavo#Italian"
],
[
"Venetan",
"Venetan"
],
[
"servus",
"servus#German"
],
[
"tjena",
"tjena#Swedish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "vec:sciavo<alt:s-ciao, sciavo><ety:inh<la-med:sclavus>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciao\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" }\" data-lang=\"it\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "vec",
"3": "s-ciao"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Venetan s-ciao",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "vec:sciavo<alt:s-ciao, sciavo><ety:inh<la-med:sclavus>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciao",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciao\nBorrowed from Venetan s-ciao, sciavo (“slave”) (in particular the expression s-ciao vostro (literally “(I am) your slave”), in essence meaning \"I am at your service\", or \"your humble servant\"), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”) (whence also standard Italian schiavo); in the Venetan language originally pronounced /stʃaʊ/. Development and use is similar to the Southern German and Central European greeting of servus and Swedish tjena.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "ciao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cià‧o"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"cià‧o"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hello!"
],
"links": [
[
"hello",
"hello"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "formal",
"word": "salve"
},
{
"word": "buongiorno"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This is the flower of the partisan,\nOh beautiful, goodbye! Beautiful, goodbye! Beautiful, goodbye, goodbye, goodbye!\nThis is the flower of the partisan,\nWho died for freedom!",
"ref": "Early 1940s, written by an unknown Italian partisan, Bella Ciao (Goodbye, beautiful!)",
"roman": "morto per la libertà!",
"text": "È questo il fiore del partigiano,\no bella, ciao! bella, ciao! bella, ciao, ciao, ciao!\nÈ questo il fiore del partigiano,",
"translation": "This is the flower of the partisan,\nOh beautiful, goodbye! Beautiful, goodbye! Beautiful, goodbye, goodbye, goodbye!\nThis is the flower of the partisan,\nWho died for freedom!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"goodbye!"
],
"links": [
[
"goodbye",
"goodbye"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "formal",
"word": "arrivederla"
},
{
"word": "arrivederci"
},
{
"alt": "colloquial",
"word": "ci vediamo"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃa.o/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ao"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"s-ciao",
"s-ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"Σκλάβος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Servus",
"Servus#German"
],
[
"tjena",
"tjena#Swedish"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"slaver",
"slaver#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"t": "hello; goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from Italian ciao (“hello; goodbye”)",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "vec",
"3": "s-ciao",
"t": "servant, slave"
},
"expansion": "Venetan s-ciao (“servant, slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"t": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "Sclavus",
"t": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "grc",
"3": "Σκλάβος",
"t": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos, “Slav”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*slověninъ",
"t": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *slověninъ (“Slav”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Servus",
"t": "hello; goodbye"
},
"expansion": "German Servus (“hello; goodbye”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "tjena",
"t": "hello"
},
"expansion": "Swedish tjena (“hello”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "slave",
"3": "slaver",
"t1": "slave",
"t2": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of slave (“slave”) and slaver (“Slav”)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from Italian ciao (“hello; goodbye”), from Venetan s-ciao (“servant, slave”) or sciavo (“servant, slave”), especially in the expression s-ciao vostro, literally “your slave”, used in the sense “at your service; your humble servant”. The Venetan word is from Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”), from Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”), from Ancient Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos, “Slav”), from earlier Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós, “Slav”), ultimately from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ (“Slav”). The deeper origin of the Proto-Slavic ethnonym is uncertain.\nThe development from “your servant/slave” to a greeting is comparable to German Servus (“hello; goodbye”) and Swedish tjena (“hello”). Doublet of slave (“slave”) and slaver (“Slav”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "ciao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ciao"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål colloquialisms",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with quotations",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hi! Nice to see you again.",
"text": "Ciao! Hyggelig å se deg igjen.",
"translation": "Hi! Nice to see you again.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "when Olsen came, they usually said: Ciao",
"ref": "2002, Heidi Marie Kriznik, Applaus:",
"text": "når Olsen kom sa de som regel: Ciao",
"translation": "when Olsen came, they usually said: Ciao",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hello, hi; used as a greeting when meeting someone"
],
"links": [
[
"hello",
"hello"
],
[
"hi",
"hi"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) hello, hi; used as a greeting when meeting someone"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hei"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål colloquialisms",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with quotations",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then I'll see you tomorrow. Bye!",
"text": "Da sees vi i morgen. Ciao!",
"translation": "Then I'll see you tomorrow. Bye!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "… Never mind. I'll sort it out myself. Bye.",
"ref": "1993, Ingvar Ambjørnsen, Utsikt til paradiset, page 42:",
"text": "… Gjør ikke noe. Jeg fikser det selv. Ciao",
"translation": "… Never mind. I'll sort it out myself. Bye.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bye, goodbye; used as a farewell"
],
"links": [
[
"bye",
"bye"
],
[
"goodbye",
"goodbye"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) bye, goodbye; used as a farewell"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "morna"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʃao/"
},
{
"ipa": "[tʃao]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ao"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ciao"
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"Σκλάβος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Slavs",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"slavar",
"slavar#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"servus",
"servus#German"
],
[
"tjena",
"tjena#Swedish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"nn\" }\" data-lang=\"nn\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao"
},
"expansion": "Italian ciao",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "vec",
"3": "sciavo",
"4": "",
"5": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Venetan sciavo (“slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "Sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "gkm",
"3": "Σκλάβος"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*slověninъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *slověninъ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "tjena"
},
"expansion": "Swedish tjena",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Italian ciao, from Venetan sciavo (“slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”). This in turn is from Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”), from Medieval Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos), from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ, as Slavs were often forced into slavery in the Middle Ages. Doublet of slave and slavar.\nDevelopment and use is similar to the Southern German and Central European greeting of servus and Swedish tjena.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "ciao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk doublets",
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with etymon",
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk farewells",
"Norwegian Nynorsk interjections",
"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms borrowed from Italian",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Italian",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Late Latin",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Medieval Greek",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Venetan",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from substrate languages",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlewH-",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms spelled with C",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"glosses": [
"ciao"
],
"links": [
[
"ciao",
"ciao#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "adjø"
},
{
"word": "farvel"
}
]
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"Romanian entries with etymology trees",
"Romanian entries with etymon",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian farewells",
"Romanian greetings",
"Romanian interjections",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian terms borrowed from Italian",
"Romanian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Romanian terms derived from Italian",
"Romanian terms derived from Late Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from Medieval Greek",
"Romanian terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Romanian terms derived from Venetan",
"Romanian terms derived from substrate languages",
"Romanian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlewH-"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlewH-"
],
[
"*-ǫta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ǫta"
],
[
"*Slov-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Slovǫta"
],
[
"*-ēnas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ēnas#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_noun-forming_suffix"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-iHnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHnos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives_of_materials"
],
[
"*-inъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-inъ#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ěninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěninъ"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλᾰ́βος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"s-ciao, sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nRomanian ciao\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"ciao\">\nBorrowed from Italian ciao.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nRomanian ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nRomanian ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciao!",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "interjection",
"head": "ciao!"
},
"expansion": "ciao!",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Hello!"
],
"links": [
[
"Hello",
"hello"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Goodbye!"
],
"links": [
[
"Goodbye",
"goodbye"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃau/"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "ciao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chao"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish interjections",
"Spanish lemmas"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative spelling of chao"
],
"links": [
[
"chao",
"chao#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ciao meaning in All languages combined (90.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.